Altitude of the Inca Trail
Although the Inca Trail is not as high as more challenging routes like the Salkantay Trek or the Ausangate Trek, it presents significant altitude changes that are worth considering. The average altitude along the trail is 3,000 meters (9,843 feet) above sea level, but there are several notable points in terms of altitude.
The route begins at km 82 at around 2,700 meters (8,858 feet), gradually ascending until reaching its highest point at Warmiwañusqa Pass, also known as “Dead Woman’s Pass,” at 4,215 meters (13,828 feet). This is the highest point of the trek, where many people experience altitude sickness on the Inca Trail. After crossing this pass, the descent takes you to the Pacaymayo Valley at about 3,500 meters (11,482 feet).
The trail continues with another significant ascent, reaching the second highest point at Runkurakay Pass at 3,950 meters (12,959 feet). As you approach Machu Picchu, the altitude drops significantly, descending to approximately 2,400 meters (7,874 feet) upon arrival at the Inca Citadel.

Conquering the highest altitude of the Inca Trail is incredibly rewarding.
What are the symptoms of altitude sickness?
Altitude sickness symptoms can range from mild to more severe and typically appear within the first 6 to 24 hours of reaching high altitudes. Some of the most common symptoms include:
- Headache: One of the most frequent symptoms. It can be mild or severe.
- Nausea and vomiting: Some people may experience stomach discomfort.
- Fatigue: Feeling tired or lacking energy, even after resting.
- Shortness of breath: The lack of oxygen makes breathing shorter and faster.
- Loss of appetite: Altitude sickness can reduce your desire to eat.
- Dizziness or vertigo: Feeling unsteady or as if your head is spinning.
- Insomnia: Difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep due to lack of oxygen.
- Swelling: Some people may experience swelling in their hands, feet, or face (edema).
- Palpitations: The sensation of a rapid or irregular heartbeat.

Keep these symptoms in mind to be sure you have altitude sickness.
It’s important to watch out for these symptoms, which generally decrease as the body acclimatizes to the altitude.

Your hydration and nutrition are essential to avoid altitude sickness on the Inca Trail.
Who can suffer from altitude sickness?
Altitude sickness is more likely to affect those who are not accustomed to high altitudes, especially if they come from sea level or lower altitudes. Physical condition or previous mountain experience doesn’t guarantee immunity; acclimatization is key. Even someone in excellent physical shape can be more likely to suffer from altitude sickness on the Inca Trail if they ascend too quickly without allowing their body to adjust properly.
On the other hand, those who live at high altitudes, such as people from mountain regions, are less likely to suffer from altitude sickness because their bodies are naturally adapted to lower oxygen levels. However, it’s important to remember that altitude sickness is unpredictable, and anyone who ascends too quickly has a higher chance of developing it. The key is to acclimatize gradually.

Enjoy the journey at your own pace without pressure.
Some factors that can trigger altitude sickness on the Inca Trail include:
- Ascending too quickly: Although the Inca Trail has significant elevation changes, it’s best to maintain a steady pace and not rush. Rapid ascent increases the likelihood of suffering from altitude sickness, especially in sections like Warmiwañusqa Pass, which reaches 4,215 meters. Acclimating in Cusco before the trek and taking breaks along the route helps minimize this risk.
- Overexertion: Walking too fast or pushing yourself can cause unnecessary fatigue, increasing the chances of developing altitude sickness symptoms. Keep a moderate pace and listen to your body to avoid tiring yourself out too early.
- Dehydration: Staying hydrated is essential during the Inca Trail. Dehydration can increase the likelihood of experiencing altitude sickness, as the body needs enough water to adapt to altitude changes. Carry plenty of water and drink regularly throughout the trek.
To fully enjoy the Inca Trail and avoid worrying about altitude sickness, proper acclimatization is the most important step.

If you need a break, take one and enjoy the unique scenery of the Inca Trail.
Preparation before and during the Inca Trail
The Inca Trail is an incredible adventure, and with basic preparation, you’ll be ready to enjoy it without worry. Here are a few simple tips:
- Basic medical consultation: If you’re concerned about altitude sickness, ask your doctor for simple recommendations, such as using acetazolamide (Diamox).
- Stay fit: You don’t need to train like you’re climbing Everest, but doing regular hikes or climbing stairs before the trip will help you feel more comfortable during the trek.
- Acclimatize: Arrive in Cusco a couple of days before the trek. Take advantage of this time to explore the city while your body adjusts to the altitude. Two days are sufficient for most people.
- Stay hydrated: Drink water frequently. This is key to feeling good at higher altitudes. If you’re feeling adventurous, try coca leaf tea.
- Eat light: Eat light, healthy meals. Avoid heavy or greasy foods that may be hard to digest.
- Rest well: Sleeping well always helps. Rest before the trek so you’re full of energy.

Following these steps will help you avoid altitude sickness on many of your trips.
What to do if you experience altitude sickness on the Inca Trail?
In mild cases
If you experience mild altitude sickness on the Inca Trail, don’t worry, you can handle it successfully by following these steps:
- Stay calm: It’s important not to panic if you start feeling altitude sickness symptoms during your trek. Take a brief rest.
- Report it: Communicate honestly with your guide or, if necessary, with a nearby fellow traveler.
- Follow instructions: Once your professional guide begins treatment, follow their recommendations in an orderly manner.
- Continue your adventure: After evaluation and rest, you’ll be able to gradually continue your journey.

Remember that altitude sickness on the Inca Trail is treatable and unlikely to occur.
In severe cases
In the event that your evaluation shows negative results and you urgently require more specialized treatment, park rangers will transport you to the nearest medical facility, where you will receive the necessary care for your recovery.
Note: Always have a travel insurance before embarking on this expedition, as it will cover potential costs and give you peace of mind.
Essential gear for the Inca Trail
The clothing and equipment you bring to this adventure will make a difference in preventing altitude sickness on the Inca Trail, as they will help protect you from sudden temperature changes, rain, intense sun, and fatigue from the activity. It’s important to have the following items:
- Windproof/rainproof jacket: Essential for protection from rain or chilly winds at higher elevations on the Inca Trail.
- Thermal/fleece jacket: Keeps your body warm during cold nights at camp on the Inca Trail.
- Hat: Your best protection against constant sun exposure, which can cause fatigue or even sunstroke, contributing to altitude sickness on the Inca Trail.
- Water bottle: Ideal for staying hydrated, which is your best defense against fatigue and exhaustion.
- Altitude sickness tablets: Very useful, and you can carry a couple of tablets in your personal backpack to take if you feel any discomfort.
- Personal medication: Don’t forget your personal medications in case you have any pre-existing medical conditions.
Conquer the heights fearlessly and enjoy the Inca Trail
Altitude sickness may seem like a challenge for people coming from lower altitudes, but with proper preparation and acclimatization, it shouldn’t stop you from enjoying one of the most unforgettable experiences of your life: hiking the legendary Inca Trail to Machu Picchu. By following a few simple steps, such as acclimatizing, staying hydrated, eating light, and getting good rest, you will be more than ready to face the altitude without complications.
Remember that altitude sickness symptoms vary from person to person, and while it’s a risk that many travelers face, it is manageable and, in almost all cases, temporary. Stay calm, follow your travel agency’s or guide’s advice, and listen to your body. The Inca Trail rewards you with breathtaking scenery, majestic mountains, and archaeological sites that connect you with Incan history, all while you enjoy the adventure at your own pace.
With a positive attitude, basic preparation, and the right equipment, you’ll be more than ready to conquer the heights and reach Machu Picchu feeling strong and prepared. Don’t let altitude sickness stop you—enjoy every step and experience this incredible adventure the way you deserve!
Get ready to conquer the Inca Trail and discover the wonder of Machu Picchu!